咱们运用nRF Connect(一个调试蓝牙的第三方工具)先衔接一个设备,能够看到设备相关信息,如下:

CoreBluetooth系列教程(四):readValue、setNotifyValue、writeValue的含义和使用
图中标红色的便是特征值,代表相关服务的特性。特征值有三种,分别是readValue(读取)、setNotifyValue(订阅)、writeValue(写入)。 readValue阐明是可读的,回调方法为

    // 值更新回调
    func peripheral(_ peripheral: CBPeripheral, didUpdateValueFor characteristic: CBCharacteristic, error: Error?) {
        if let error = error {
            print("特征值读取失败:\(error)")
            return
        }
        if let data = characteristic.value {
            print("特征值:\(data)")// 取具体类型的值时,需求依据相关的数据表结构做类型转换
        }
    }

一般来讲,同硬件工程师连调时会告知你该characteristic对应的是readValue(读取)、setNotifyValue(订阅)、仍是writeValue(写入),但假设硬件工程师不告知你呢,其实也很简单,发现characteristic有个properties特点,点击去检查,如下:

public struct CBCharacteristicProperties : OptionSet, @unchecked Sendable {
    public init(rawValue: UInt)
    public static var broadcast: CBCharacteristicProperties { get }
    public static var read: CBCharacteristicProperties { get }
    public static var writeWithoutResponse: CBCharacteristicProperties { get }
    public static var write: CBCharacteristicProperties { get }
    public static var notify: CBCharacteristicProperties { get }
    public static var indicate: CBCharacteristicProperties { get }
    public static var authenticatedSignedWrites: CBCharacteristicProperties { get }
    public static var extendedProperties: CBCharacteristicProperties { get }
    @available(watchOS 2.0, *)
    public static var notifyEncryptionRequired: CBCharacteristicProperties { get }
    @available(watchOS 2.0, *)
    public static var indicateEncryptionRequired: CBCharacteristicProperties { get }
}

这样一来,咱们就能够用位运算来获取它是否能够read,代码如下:

 let isRead = (characteristic.properties.rawValue & CBCharacteristicProperties.writeWithoutResponse.rawValue) != 0 ? true : false
 if isRead {
     peripheral.readValue(ofCharac: characteristic) { result in                  
      }
  }               

留意:假如尝试读取不可读的特征值,didUpdateValueFor回调将会回来错误error。

setNotifyValue(订阅)阐明要对特征进行订阅,一旦外设有值更新时,咱们就能够收到这个新值,便是KVO。相同,咱们也需求知道该characteristic支不支持订阅,代码如下:

let enble = (characteristic.properties.rawValue & CBCharacteristicProperties.notify.rawValue) != 0 ? true : false
if enble == true {
  peripheral.setNotifyValue(true, for: characteristic) // 开启订阅
} 

订阅成功后,只要外设值发生变化时,咱们就能够收到回调:

// 特征值订阅状况回调
    func peripheral(_ peripheral: CBPeripheral, didUpdateNotificationStateFor characteristic: CBCharacteristic, error: Error?) {
        if let error = error {
            print("特征值订阅失败:\(error)")
            return
        }
    }

writeValue是向外设写入指令,比如跑步机的启停、调速等,来完成一些操作使命。

/*
data:写入的值
characteristic:待写入的特征对象
type:写入类型,包括以下类型
withResponse:向外设传递特征值,并回来写入状况
withoutResponse:向外设传递特征值,不会回来写入状况
*/
open func writeValue(_ data: Data, for characteristic: CBCharacteristic, type: CBCharacteristicWriteType)

同理,也是依据properties 特点来判别是withResponse仍是withoutResponse,若该characteristicwithoutResponse,可是传入的是withResponse会导致犯错。

 let type =   (characteristic.properties.rawValue & CBCharacteristicProperties.writeWithoutResponse.rawValue) != 0 ? CBCharacteristicWriteType.withoutResponse : CBCharacteristicWriteType.withResponse
  peripheral.writeValue(ofCharac: characteristic, value: data,type:type) { result in
}

这便是readValue(读取)、setNotifyValue(订阅)、writeValue(写入)的含义和运用,有对常用API不清楚的同学能够看看蓝牙常用API。